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If your aging loved one can no longer navigate through life on their own and struggles to manage typical day-to-day activities safely, it’s time to consider long-term care solutions.

Senior living alternatives vary in terms of the level of assistance provided, features and amenities, staff training, and cost.

Thus, finding the perfect type of care and navigating the new home can be emotional, overwhelming, and difficult for you and your aging loved one.

Naturally, you want the best care for your elderly parent, spouse, or family member, fitting their health circumstances and unique needs — but also attainable to your family’s budget.

To help you make the right choice, in this article, we discuss two of the most common options for senior care: assisted living and memory care.

Read on to learn everything you need to know about the two senior living solutions as you weigh your options.

Assisted Living: What is it & Who is it for?
Assisted living is a long-term senior care facility that assists seniors with daily tasks, yet allows a level of independence for their elderly residents.

Usually, assisted living facilities include a small apartment, housekeeping services, one to three community meals a day, and organized social activities.

Assisted living facilities are made for the elderly who need assistance with daily activities, such as taking medicine, bathing, and toileting, but still have their reasoning skills intact.

Memory Care: What is it & Who is it for?
Memory care facilities are specialized, secured senior living facilities designed to cater to the needs of patients with some form of dementia.

These facilities, like the assisted living ones, provide their residents with housing, meals, and help with activities of daily living as well. However, memory care solutions also provide amenities that address and alleviate the unique needs and difficulties of people with declining cognitive abilities.

For instance, memory care facilities are of milder colors, decluttered, and with clear signage, all of which are therapeutic to patients with memory loss. Staff members typically have specialized training in dementia care, to ensure both physical and mental needs of patients are met.

Moreover, memory care facilities have a smaller staff-to-patient ratio as dementia patients have greater care needs, such as brushing their teeth, eating, showering, and dressing.

Finally, memory care facilities address the concerns of caregivers and family members of dementia patients by providing safety and security from wandering.

Assisted Living vs. Memory Care: Key Differences

Both memory care and assisted living facilities provide elderly residents with housing, meals, and assistance with daily activities. However, memory care offers a specialized environment, greater security, and trained staff for individuals with dementia.

The following are unique benefits memory care facilities offer patients suffering from cognitive decline:

# Specialized Environment
Dementia affects all five senses, not just memory and cognition. And memory care facilities are, thus, specially designed to minimize symptoms of anxiety and reduce the chances of patient injury.

For instance, many memory care facilities feature well-defined communal spaces, color-coded walls for easy navigation, and outdoor gardens for patients to enjoy nature safely.

More so, safety precautions like door alarms and environmental considerations like motion-sensor lights and one-touch sinks allow residents to have a safer and more independent living experience in a memory care facility.

On the contrary, assisted living communities do not offer such measures, creating a potentially unsafe environment for dementia patients.

# Safety Precautions
As six in ten dementia patients will wander at least once in their lifetime, safety is a major consideration for those in need of a memory care facility.

While some assisted living facilities offer safety measures such as in-room emergency alerts and daily check-ins, elderly with memory loss require increased safety precautions.

Therefore, memory care facilities generally have more advanced measures to keep residents safe, like locked entrances, keypad-enabled entries, obscured exits, doorbells that signal entering and exiting, and wearable devices for tracking patients.

# Trained Staff
Memory care staff members typically undergo additional training focused on addressing the specific issues that people living with dementia often face, such as swallowing difficulties, wandering, and anxiety.

Furthermore, most states require memory care employees to attend continuing education programs to help them understand the brains of people living with dementia and to master strategies for mitigating distress and supporting residents.

In addition, caregivers at memory care facilities are trained to prevent and manage challenging dementia behaviors, like wandering and aggression.

# Tailored Activities
While assisted living facilities prioritize entertaining their residents, memory care centers provide activities tailored to the unique needs of elderly individuals with dementia.

For instance, many memory care facilities offer music, art, pet, or reminiscence therapy, all of which have been found to promote relaxation, slow down cognitive decline, and help access different brain areas of those experiencing cognitive impairments.

# Encouraging Dining Experience
Late-stage dementia can lead to significant eating and drinking difficulties for patients. They may forget to eat or drink, as well as struggle to recognize when they are hungry, thirsty, or full.

That’s why patients in memory care facilities are provided with an environment that promotes independence and dignity when dining.

For instance, residents are given various food options to help them maintain control over their diet. They are also served in a calm environment and provided with adaptive plates or utensils.

Making the Best Choice for Your Elderly Loved One
When deciding between assisted living and memory care, it’s important to consider your loved one’s type of dementia, its impacts, and how quickly it is expected to progress.

For example, some seniors may require a higher level of supervision early on after the diagnosis, while for others, this need may arise later.

Seeking input from your loved one’s doctors is crucial when making this decision to find the care that will enable your aging family member to thrive.

Soak your hands: Soak your hands in warm, soapy water for about 10-15 minutes to soften the calluses. This will help in the subsequent steps.

Exfoliate: Gently exfoliate the callused area using a pumice stone, foot file, or exfoliating scrub. Be cautious not to remove too much skin, as this can lead to irritation or even bleeding.

Moisturize: Apply a thick, moisturizing cream or ointment to the calluses after exfoliating. This helps keep the skin hydrated and prevents further drying and cracking. Look for products containing ingredients like urea, lactic acid, or hyaluronic acid, which are effective in softening calluses.

Wear gloves: If your calluses are caused by repetitive friction or pressure during activities like weightlifting or gardening, consider wearing gloves to protect your hands. This can help prevent further callus formation and allow existing calluses to heal.

Padding: For particularly painful calluses, you can use moleskin pads or gel cushions to provide cushioning and relieve pressure on the affected area.

Avoid further irritation: Try to avoid activities or movements that aggravate your calluses until they have healed. If possible, give your hands a break from activities that cause friction or pressure on the affected area.

Medical intervention: If your calluses are very painful, persistent, or interfere with your daily activities, consider consulting a dermatologist or healthcare professional. They may recommend treatments such as corticosteroid injections, salicylic acid treatments, or in some cases, surgical removal of the calluses.

Remember, consistency is key when treating hand calluses. Be patient and diligent with your skincare routine, and over time, you should see improvement in the condition of your hands.

Do hand calluses disappear?
Hand calluses can diminish in appearance and discomfort with proper care and treatment, but they may not completely disappear, especially if the activities causing them continue. However, consistent care can soften and reduce the size of calluses over time, making them less noticeable and less bothersome.

Are calluses unhealthy?
In general, calluses themselves are not inherently unhealthy. They are the body’s natural response to repeated friction, pressure, or irritation, typically occurring on the hands or feet. Calluses form as a protective mechanism, thickening the skin in areas that are subject to constant rubbing or pressure to prevent injury or damage.

However, while calluses themselves are not unhealthy, they can sometimes lead to complications if not properly cared for or if they become too large or thick.

Are hand calluses normal?
Yes, hand calluses are normal and common. They typically develop in response to repeated friction, pressure, or irritation on the skin of the hands. This can occur due to activities such as:

Weightlifting
Playing musical instruments (e.g., guitar, violin)
Manual labor (e.g., gardening, construction)
Sports (e.g., rowing, rock climbing)
Certain occupations that involve repetitive hand movements (e.g., carpentry, plumbing)
The development of calluses is the body’s natural way of protecting the skin from damage and forming a barrier against further irritation. While they are normal and often harmless, they can sometimes become uncomfortable or even painful if they grow too large or if they crack and become dry.

Proper care, such as regular exfoliation, moisturizing, and avoiding prolonged friction or pressure on the hands, can help prevent excessive callus formation and maintain the health of the skin. However, it’s essential to remember that calluses themselves are a normal part of the body’s response to certain activities and are not usually a cause for concern.